openSUSE系统从TTY到KDE Plasma——联网、换源、安装与启动

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声明

我的机器没有NVIDIA显卡，所以将不包含任何有关显卡驱动安装的操作
openSUSE自带的显卡驱动于我已经足够好用

操作系统

openSUSE Leap 15.5, 安装时System Role选择Server

联网（以无线网络为例）

使用nmcli连接到wifi网络： 

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systemctl status NetworkManager # check if NetworkManager is active
nmcli radio wifi on
nmcli device wifi
nmcli device wifi connect <SSID or BSSID> [password <password>]
nmcli connection show # show the connections

使用nmcli改用国内114DNS： 

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sudo nmcli connection modify <connection> ipv4.dns "114.114.114.114,114.114.115.115"
sudo nmcli connection up <connection> # reconnect to take effect
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager # restart service if necessary

确认网络连接情况，能够联网能够解析域名 

ping www.baidu.com

换用国内镜像源

使用清华大学tuna软件源 

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sudo zypper mr -da # disable official repos
echo $releasever # should be 15.5
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/oss/ mirror-oss
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/$releasever/repo/non-oss/ mirror-non-oss
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/oss/ mirror-update
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/non-oss/ mirror-update-non-oss
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/sle/ mirror-sle-update
sudo zypper ar -cfg https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/$releasever/backports/ mirror-backports-update
sudo zypper ar -cfgp 90 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packman/suse/openSUSE_Leap_$releasever/ mirror-packman

安装KDE Plasma

更新软件仓库及软件包 

sudo zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys ref
sudo zypper up

安装KDE Plasma桌面环境软件包 

sudo zypper in -t pattern kde kde_plasma # this takes a while

设置自启

将显示服务器设置为sddm；设置启动自动进入KDE Plasma 

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sudo update-alternatives --config default-displaymanager
# if sddm has the highest priority, just choose the auto mode;
# otherwise choose sddm manually.
sudo systemctl enable sddm
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target 
sudo reboot

至此完成安装。

补充：应对PackageKit卡住zypper的问题

*KDE Plasma桌面应用中有一个东西叫做PackageKit，经常自己检查更新，此时运行zypper会提示被PackageKit屏蔽。 我的选择是移除PackageKit并不让它再被安装上我的操作系统： 

sudo zypper rm PackageKit
sudo zypper al PackageKit